Figure 4

A potential distribution of deleterious mutational effects. Selection coefficients range from effectively neutral on the left up to lethal on the far right. The vertical line denotes the border between effective neutrality and effective selection. Both distributions assume a lognormal law, the light grey distribution also assumes a separate class of completely neutral mutations with a frequency of 2.5%. Estimates applied an evolutionary model that included mutation, selection, genetic drift and backmutations [1, 55] to data from Drosophila pseudoobscura and D. miranda. For more details, see [93]. All selection coefficients beyond 1 ('super-lethals') denote an abstract notion of structural damage to the organism. Such damage cannot be more than lethal and is thus represented as lethal in evolutionary models.