EC | Reaction | Choke-points | Found by FBA | Comment | Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1.1.1.205 | IMP dehydrogenase | Yes | No | Precursor import (adenosine, hypoxanthine, inosine) | [133] |
1.1.1.267 | 1-deoxy-D-xylulose-5-phosphate reducetoisomerase | Yes | Yes | Â | [84] |
1.3.1.9 | enoyl-ACP-reductase | Yes | Yes | Â | |
1.3.3.1 | Dihydroorotate oxidase | No | Yes | Â | |
1.3.99.1 | Succinate dehydrogenase | No | No | Presumably unspecific off-target effects | [75] |
1.5.1.3 | Dihydrofolate reductase | No | No | Necessary to block all reactions catalyzed by the enzyme | |
1.6.5.3 | NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) | No | No | Presumably unspecific off-target effects | [74] |
1.8.1.7 | glutathione reductase | Yes | Yes | Â | |
1.8.1.9 | thioredoxin reductase | Yes | Yes | Â | |
1.10.2.2 | cytochrome c reductase | Yes | Yes | Â | [145] |
1.15.1.1 | superoxide dismutase | Yes | Yes | Â | [146] |
1.17.4.1 | Ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase | No | Yes | Â | |
2.1.1.100 | Protein-S-isoprenylcysteine-O-methyltransferase | Yes | Yes | Â | |
2.1.1.103 | Phosphoethanolamine methyltrans-ferase | Yes | No | Presumably unspecific off-target effects | |
2.1.1.45 | Thymidylate synthase | No | Yes | Â | |
2.1.1.64 | 3-Demethylubiquinone-9,3-O-methyltransferase | Yes | Yes | Â | [154] |
2.3.1.24 | sphingosine-N-acyltransferase | Yes | Yes | Â | [155] |
2.3.1.37 | delta-aminolevulinate synthase | Yes | Yes | Â | |
2.3.1.41 | 3-Oxoacyl-[acyl-carrier protein] synthase | Yes | Yes | Â | |
2.3.1.50 | serine-palmitoyl transferase | No | Yes | Â | [155] |
2.4.2.1 | Purine-nucleoside phosphorylase | Yes | No | Precursor import (hypoxanthine, xanthine) | [158] |
2.4.2.8 | Hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase | Yes | No | Necessary to block all reactions catalyzed by the enzyme | |
2.5.1.15 | Dihydropteroate synthase | Yes | No | Precursor import (folate) | |
2.5.1.16 | Spermidine synthase | Yes | No | Precursor import (spermidine) | [165] |
2.5.1.18 | Glutathione transferase | Yes | Yes | Â | |
2.5.1.19 | 3-Phosphoshikimate 1- carboxyvinyltransferase | Yes | No | Precursor import (4-aminobenzoate, folate) | [170] |
2.5.1.58 | Farnesyl-diphosphate Farnesyltransferase | No | Yes | Â | [171] |
2.7.1.32 | Choline kinase | No | No | Presumably unspecific off-target effects | [78] |
2.7.8.3 | Ceramide-cholinephosphotransferase | Yes | Yes | Â | [155] |
3.3.1.1 | S-adenosyl-l-homocysteine hydrolase | Yes | Yes | Â | |
3.4.11.1 | leucine aminopeptidase | Yes | No | Precursor import (amino acids) | [176] |
3.4.14.1 | dipeptidyl aminopeptidase 1 | No | No | Precursor import (amino acids) | [177] |
3.4.23.38 | plasmepsins (aspartic acid proteases) | No | No | Precursor import (amino acids) | |
3.4.23.39 | plasmepsins (aspartic acid proteases) | No | No | Precursor import (amino acids) | |
3.5.1.89 | N-acetyl glucosaminylphosphatidyli-nositol deacetylase | No | Yes | Â | [180] |
3.5.2.3 | dihydroorotase | Yes | Yes | Â | |
3.5.4.4 | Adenosine deaminase | Yes | No | Precursor import (hypoxanthine, inosine, xanthine) | |
4.1.1.17 | Ornithine decarboxylase | No | No | Precursor import (spermidine, putrescine); alternative reaction R01152 | |
4.1.1.23 | Orotidine-5'-phosphate decarboxylase | Yes | Yes | Â | |
4.1.1.50 | Adenosylmethionine decarboxylase | No | No | Precursor import (spermidine) | [186] |
4.1.2.13 | Fructose-bisphosphate aldolase | Yes | No | Presumable main antimalarial effect is impaired host cell invasion | |
4.2.1.1 | carbonic anhydrase | Yes | Yes | Â | [87] |
4.2.1.24 | Delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase | No | Yes | Â | [100] |
4.2.1.58-61 | 3-hydroxyacyl-ACP dehydratase | Yes | Yes | Â | [189] |
4.2.3.5 | Chorismate synthase | Yes | No | Precursor import (4-aminobenzoate, folate) | [92] |
4.4.1.5 | Lactoylglutathione lyase | Yes | Yes | Â | [190] |
4.6.1.12 | 2-C-methyl-D-erythritol-2,4- Cyclodiphosphate-synthase | No | Yes | Â | [86] |
5.99.1.2 | topoisomerase I | Yes | Yes | Â | [191] |
5.99.1.3 | topoisomerase II | Yes | Yes | Â | |
6.1.1.3 | Threonine-tRNA ligase | Yes | Yes | Â | [195] |
6.1.1.7 | Alanine-tRNA ligase | Yes | Yes | Â | [196] |
6.3.2.2 | Gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase | Yes | Yes | Â | |
6.3.4.4 | Adenylosuccinate synthetase | Yes | Yes | Â | [199] |
6.3.5.2 | GMP synthetase | No | No | Necessary to block all reactions catalyzed by the enzyme; precursor import(guanine/guanosine) | [200] |
6.3.5.5 | Carbamoyl-phosphate synthase (glutamine-hydrolysing) | No | Yes | Â | [88] |
6.3.5.8 | amino-deoxychorismate synthase | No | No | Precursor import (4-aminobenzoate, folate) | [128] |
6.4.1.2 | Acetyl-CoA carboxylase | Yes | Yes | Â | [156] |