Figure 4
The Human Infectome-Diseasome Network (HIDN) . a. Diseasome classification of Targeted Proteins. Viruses interact directly with Disease-Related Proteins (DRPs) but also indirectly throughout 1-hop interaction. The distribution of directly targeted DRPs (TPs, red) or indirectly targeted DRPs (TP-Ns, orange) is given. b. Bridging properties of Disease-Related Proteins. The histograms show average cellular bridging properties (brh) of DRPs for proteins directly targeted by viruses (left; red bars - TPs) and for proteins indirectly targeted by viruses, at a 1-hop distance, (right; blue bars - TP-Ns). These average values are compared to average values of bridging computed for a control dataset of not-diseases related proteins (NOT-DRPs). Differences are statistically assessed using one-tailed Wilcoxon test (P-Value < 0.05 *; P-Value < 0.001 ***). c. OMIM enrichment analysis of the proteins targeted directly and indirectly by viruses. The table shows 34 OMIM diseases significantly connected to viruses both directly and indirectly after multiple testing corrections. For each significant disease, OMIM id, description, disease type, number of targeted proteins, fold enrichment value and the Benjaminin and Hochberg adjusted P-Value are given. d. The Human Infectome-Diseasome Network (HIDN). The HIDN was mathematically formalized as a bipartite graph composed of two types of nodes corresponding to either diseases (black nodes) or viruses (coloured nodes). HIDN is composed of 57 viruses and 230 diseases connected by 466 virus-disease associations. In HIDN, disease and viral nodes are connected by an edge if at least one protein related to this disease is targeted by at least one protein encoded by this virus. Viral species and disease are connected by an edge if at least one disease related protein associated to that disease is directly targeted by a protein encoded by the virus. The nodes are sized proportionally to disease connectivity (kd) or virus species connectivity (kvs) in HIDN.