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Table 1 The optimal solution for maximizing ethanol productivity by S. cerevisiae

From: Multi-objective optimization of enzyme manipulations in metabolic networks considering resilience effects

ε-value

v P Y K * ∕ v P Y K b a s a l

Modulated enzymes

1

2.092

HXT

2

2.452

HXT, PFK

 

2.434 (SBB)†

HXT, ATPase

3

3.152

HXT, PFK, PYK

4

3.592

HXT, PFK, PYK, TDH

 

3.326 (LINDOGlobal, BARON)†

HXT, PFK, PYK, ATPase

5

4.428

HXT, PFK, PYK, TDH, GLK

6

5.191

HXT, PFK, PYK, TDH, GLK, ATPase

 

4.458 (DICOPT)†

HXT, PFK, PYK, TDH, GLK, GOL

7

5.231

HXT, PFK, PYK, TDH, GLK, ATPase, GOL

 

3.651 (DICOPT)†

HXT, PFK, PYK, TDH, ATPase, GOL, TPS

8

5.231

HXT, PFK, PYK, TDH, GLK, ATPase, GOL, TPS

  1. The optimal enzymatic modulations for maximizing ethanol productivity by S. cerevisiae obtained by solving the primal multi-objective optimization problem using various GAMS solvers (AlphaECP, BARON, BONMIN, COUENNE, DICOPT, LINDOGlobal, and SBB). γ x i L B and γ e i L B are set to 0.2. γ x i U B and γ e i U B are set to 5.0. The superscript * means optimal solution, † denotes that the solution is a premature result, and ε is the number of allowed manipulated genes.