Figure 10

Comparison of E. coli chemotaxis and other two-component systems. In the chemotaxis pathway (left panel) and other two-component systems (right panel), a sensor kinase is activated by a cell-external signal, upon which it autophosphorylates and passes on a phosphoryl group to its response regulator, which typically induces a transcriptional response. The time course of the final output, i.e. gene expression, can be directly mapped onto the binary output of the chemotaxis pathway.