Figure 1

Crosstalk of pro-apoptotic and pro-survival pathways. The intracellular pro-apoptotic signal is mediated through p53_killer. Elevated p 53_killer activates expression of PTEN, which leads to the inactivation of pro-survival Akt. Activity of Akt is also regulated by extracellular growth factors. For the apoptotic module analysis, both input signals, p 53_killer and A k t_u, are considered independently. Arrow-headed lines indicate protein transformation, circle-headed lines denote activation or transcriptional regulation, hammer-headed lines denote repression.