Fig. 1

The mechanics of the interactions of three compartments. Naïve CD8 ⁺ T cells (T _N ) are activated and become CD8 ⁺ T effectors (T _E1) when they encounter antigen introduced by the adenovirus (LV) in the lymph node. Once activated from naïve cells, effector CD8 ⁺ T cells circulate within the blood (T _E2) and enter tumor microenvironment (T _E3) where they are retained upon recognition of the corresponding tumor-associated antigen. Effector CD8 ⁺ T cells secrete Interferon gamma (IFN _γ ) and Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha (TNF _α ), which assist with the CD8 ⁺ T cell-directed lysis of tumor cells (\(C_{\text {MHCI}^{+}}\) and \(C_{\text {MHCI}^{-}}\)) through increased presentation of tumor-associated antigens by Major Histocompatibility Complex protein class I (MHCI)