Fig. 5

The time transition diagram of sixteen integrated states of 4 nodes in p53 pathway. The solid lines present the time path. As time goes on, any initial integrated state will reach a signal flow including six integrated states \(e_{16}^{8}\to e_{16}^{4}\to e_{16}^{2}\to e_{16}^{10}\to e_{16}^{13}\to e_{16}^{15}\to e_{16}^{8}\). This phenomena induces that the states change periodically after a period of time