Fig. 1

Observed time-course trends. The presented data depicts all metabolic trends from a CHO cell cultivation carried out in a batch reactor (see Cell culture section of Methods for more detailed information). A single timepoint of 66 hours was chosen for MFA analysis, corresponding to the midpoint of the exponential phase (where the cells are likely to grow under pseudo steady state conditions). Panels depict a metabolites that changed by more than 50 % of their maximum concentration, b those that changed by less than 50 %, and c cell density. All metabolite concentrations are expressed as fractions of their maximum value. Curves were calculated from cubic regression spline fits constrained to 4 basis functions. Grey area designates 99 % prediction interval used for sampling