Fig. 5

Transient and steady-state responses of the simplified TGF-β signalling model. Short-term responses of PSMAD levels to different concentrations of TGF-β is referred as transient response. The simulation time for each point in this figure is 50 min (the time of overshoot in Fig. 4). Long-term responses of PSMAD levels to different concentrations of TGF-β is referred as steady-state response. The simulation time for each point in this figure is 500 min (the time of steady-state in Fig. 4). The only parameter of the model which is being changed in producing both curves is the TGF-β concentration. Note that the unit of concentration on both axes are arbitrary