Table 1 Comparison of maximum ATP yields from different carbon source ‘fuel’ metabolites
From: MitoCore: a curated constraint-based model for simulating human central metabolism
Metabolite | MitoCore ATP Yield | Recon 2.2 ATP Yield |
|---|---|---|
Glucose | 33.0 | 32.0 |
Fatty acid hexadecanoate (C16) | 111.8 | 106.8 |
Lactate | 15.5 | 15.0 |
Hydroxybutanoate | 23.1 | 20.3 |
Acetoacetate | 20.2 | 18.0 |
Histidine | 26.3 | 25.5 |
Isoleucine | 37.8 | 35.5 |
Leucine | 37.1 | 33.5 |
Lysine | 36.2 | 32.0 |
Methionine | 18.3 | 27.0 |
Phenylalanine | 36.2 | 33.0 |
Threonine | 20.1 | 19.0 |
Tryptophan | 43.1 | 39.5 |
Valine | 30.1 | 29.0 |
Arginine | 29.2 | 27.5 |
Aspartate | 16.0 | 15.0 |
Cysteine | 16.1 | 17.5 |
Glutamate | 23.8 | 22.5 |
Glutamine | 24.0 | 22.5 |
Glycine | 8.0 | 8.0 |
Proline | 28.1 | 27.5 |
Serine | 13.1 | 13.5 |
Tyrosine | 38.9 | 35.5 |
Asparagine | 16.0 | 15.0 |
Alanine | 16.0 | 15.0 |