Figure 1

Diagram of model used to simulate cardiac tissue oxygen transport and energy metabolism. Oxygen is transported via advection in capillaries, diffuses into cardiomyocytes from capillaries through interstitium, and is reduced into water via the complex IV reaction in mitochondria. Cellular energy metabolism is simulated by a computer model of mitochondrial tricarboxylic acid cycle, oxidative phosphorylation, metabolite transport, and electrophysiology [23].