Figure 6

Simulated results of the variables related to the ER-stress pathway. (A) Cisplatin induces ER stress and leads to release of Ca²⁺ from the ER. Ca²⁺ was leaked from the ER. Ca²⁺ activates calpain (B), which cleaves procaspase-12 to mature caspase-12 (C). Ca²⁺_Calpain, binding of Ca²⁺ and Calpain; Calpain*_Casp12, binding of Calpain* and Casp12. (D) Activated caspase-12 initiates caspase-9. Casp12*_Casp9, binding of Casp12* and Casp9. (E) Activated caspase-9 and −3 cause apoptosis. (F) Interaction between apoptosis and activated caspase-12. The simulation is based on a model with (× 1.0) or without activated caspase-12. Casp12*  × 0.05, Casp12* decrease by twofold.