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Table 1 Exaptation potential of minimal metabolisms

From: The potential for non-adaptive origins of evolutionary innovations in central carbon metabolism

Focal carbon source

Number of minimal metabolisms

Size range

Number (percentage) of minimal metabolisms with I>0

Fructose

146

[23–30]

146 (100.00 %)

Fumarate

456

[26–32]

456 (100.00 %)

Glucose

161

[23–30]

154 (95.65 %)

Succinate

348

[27–32]

304 (87.36 %)

Lactate

180

[26–34]

144 (80.00 %)

Malate

456

[25–32]

176 (38.60 %)

Glutamate

187

[26–32]

72 (38.50 %)

Acetate

76

[30–36]

16 (21.05 %)

Pyruvate

569

[26–34]

96 (16.87 %)

α-ketoglutarate

970

[25–32]

80 (8.25 %)

  1. Columns, from left to right, indicate the focal carbon source, the number of minimal metabolisms that are viable on this carbon source, the size range of these metabolisms, and the number (percentage) of minimal metabolisms with exaptation index I>0